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Sunday, 1 July 2012
Saturday, 30 June 2012
New technique could reduce number of animals needed to test chemical safety
ScienceDaily (June 29, 2012) ? A new way of testing the safety of natural and synthetic chemicals has been developed by scientists with funding from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). Their research, published June 30 in the journal Ecotoxicology, could reduce the number of fish needed to test the toxicity of a range of chemicals including pharmaceuticals and environmental pollutants.
The researchers, led by Professor Awadhesh Jha of Plymouth University, have managed to coax cells from the liver of a rainbow trout to form a ball-shaped structure called a spheroid in a petri dish. This ball of cells behaves much more like normal animal tissue than cells grown in traditional ways in the lab and so can give researchers a more accurate picture of how an animal's body would respond to a chemical in the environment.
Fish are used to test whether both new and existing chemicals like pharmaceuticals can damage wildlife or the environment. Because a large number of spheroids can be produced from a single fish the use of this technique could mean less fish are needed to do these tests.
Professor Jha explains, "This is a real breakthrough in our efforts to reduce the numbers of fish needed for toxicology testing. It is very important for the health of people, wildlife and whole ecosystems that we understand the effect of chemicals, both natural and humanmade, in the environment, but we must strive to avoid the use of animals wherever possible."
One of the most impressive aspects of the fish spheroids is that they can be maintained in the lab for over a month. Many environmental pollutants cause health problems because they accumulate over time and become more concentrated further up the food chain. Because the fish spheroids can be maintained for longer time periods than normal cell cultures scientists can test the effect of long-term exposure to a potential toxin.
The fish spheroids were produced by a BBSRC-funded CASE student, Matthew Baron, who is being supervised by Professor Jha and his colleagues at Plymouth and AstraZeneca Safety Health and Environment. At present, scientists can use flat layers of fish cells to replace some live animal tests but these break down quickly and do not behave like real tissues. Spheroids are already well established models for testing on mammalian cells but this is the first time that they have been developed from fish cells.
Because the liver filters blood it is often the main organ where potential environmental toxins accumulate and are broken down by the body and so is the most important organ for testing toxicity. The researchers also hope to produce spheroids from fish gill cells, as the gills are another important site of toxin accumulation. By combining these two types of spheroids in a single system the researchers hope to develop a 'virtual fish' which could give a clear picture of how a particular chemical would affect a live animal.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- Matthew G. Baron, Wendy M. Purcell, Simon K. Jackson, Stewart F. Owen, Awadhesh N. Jha. Towards a more representative in vitro method for fish ecotoxicology: morphological and biochemical characterisation of three-dimensional spheroidal hepatocytes. Ecotoxicology, 2012; DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-0965-5
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120629142525.htm
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Miami Heat president Pat Riley says about winning the 2012 NBA title The championship felt great and it still does But Im o...
9:00 PM: New Jersey Devils player Patrik Elias, who said he didn't know where the Stanley Cup Finals Game 6 puck was, reportedly found it in his equipment bag. Elias said he would return the puck to the L.A. Kings, and the Kings would make a donation to Elias' charity.
8:45 PM: Former Minnesota Golden Gophers basketball player Corky Taylor died Thursday at the age of 60 due to lung cancer. Taylor is best known for starting a 1972 in-game brawl with Ohio State when he went to help up Buckeyes player Luke Witte but ended up kneeing Witte in the groin.
8:30 PM: Dodgers manager Don Mattingly says Andre Ethier will not go on the DL and is instead day to day with an oblique strain.
8:15 PM: U.S. Olympic basketball coach Mike Krzyzewski released a statement on Dwyane Wade skipping the Games in London in order to undergo knee surgery: "We're totally supportive of Dwyane's decision and hope that he has a full and speedy recovery."
8:00 PM: Philadelphia 76ers center Spencer Hawes does not agree with the Supreme Court's ruling Thursday on Obamacare: "Ronald Reagan is spinning in his grave. We might as well be Russia in 1983."
7:45 PM: With the #1 pick in the NBA Draft, the New Orleans Hornets select Anthony Davis. The tracking of the rest of the evening's picks can be seen here.
7:30 PM: The Arizona Cardinals will hold joint practices with the Kansas City Chiefs during the week of Aug. 6 at the Chiefs' training camp in St. Joseph, Missouri.
7:15 PM: L.A. Kings forward Dustin Penner tweets: "Hey @JonathanQuick32 congrats on the new 10yr deal. 10 more yrs of cursing! ha now u can replace the wallet u lost in vegas #swearjar #143"
7:00 PM: In a January memo obtained by the Oklahoman, Big 12 commissioner Chuck Neinas said that Notre Dame would be the only school that would add to the league's TV value.
6:45 PM: The West Indies & New Zealand will meet in the first sanctioned cricket matches in the U.S. this weekend in Lauderhill, Florida.
6:30 PM: UniWatch has photos of the 1924 Senators throwback uniforms the Washington Nationals will be wearing for their July 5 game against the San Francisco Giants.
6:15 PM: The DUI trial for Oakland Raiders receiver Darrius Heywood-Bey has been set for July 23 unless the case is resolved beforehand.
6:00 PM: The San Francisco 49ers are suing Santa Clara County for withholding $30 million in taxpayer funds that was marked to go toward a new stadium.
5:45 PM: Celtics coach Doc Rivers & Sixers coach Doug Collins will serve as analysts for NBC's Olympic basketball coverage this summer in London.
5:30 PM: Ivo Karlovic claims he was cheated by the linesmen who called too many foot-faults against him in his second round Wimbledon loss to Andy Murray.
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Source: http://www.sportsbybrooks.com/sbblive?eid=39039
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Lauryn Hill Pleads Guilty To Tax Evasion
Grammy winner could face a $75,000 fine and up to three years in prison — one for each year of evasion.
By Carter Maness
Lauryn Hill performing at HOT 97's Summer Jam 2012
Photo: Ilya S. Savenok/Getty Images
Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1688846/lauryn-hill-pleads-guilty-tax-evasion.jhtml
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Friday, 29 June 2012
Is Amazon Really Hiding Highly Discounted Products From You?
Certainly Amazon does contain many products that are highly discounted ? sometimes as much as 99%, with many products discounted between 80% ? 99%? But are these items presented to you when you search the Amazon websites, or are they hidden away from view?
Amazon itself denies this accusation saying that all products they stock, not matter what discount they may carry or profit margin they may yield, can be seen on the Amazon websites.
Amazon Bargain Hunting!
Independent experiments have been undertaken to see if there is any truth to the ?Amazon hidden bargain? theory. I carried out such an experiment myself recently searching Amazon.com for a variety of highly discounted products that I knew were lurking somewhere within the website, and the results were interesting.
Without going into details in this article, the general conclusion I reached was that many of the products I was searching for did not show in the first 15 pages of Amazon?s search results.
Of course the search results you get at Amazon is very much dependent on the search term you use, and which department of Amazon you restrict your search to (if any): the more specific the search term, the more likely the product you are searching for will be seen in the search results.
Of course, many people searching Amazon will be using generic search terms such as ?men?s watch? rather than say ?Invicta Men?s 1461 Vintage Collection Riveted Leather Strap Brown Dial Watch?. If you use the first generic search term ?men?s watch? you are unlikely to be presented with the highly discounted product the second search term actually is! But when you do such a search you don?t know that the ?Invicta Men?s 1461 Vintage Collection Riveted Leather Strap Brown Dial Watch? is discounted 93% off normal list price so you are not likely to use such a specific search term!
Conclusion
Amazon may not be ?hiding? the real bargains it contains on purpose, but from my experience because of the way Amazon works it can take a long time and some luck and juggling of search terms and departments to find them!
For this reason, if you really want to find the bargains on Amazon it is a good idea to use one of the ?Amazon Discount Finder? websites that exist out there now that can pre-filter the products for you. This is a strategy that saves time as well as money. Search on ?amazon discount finder? or similar term to locate these websites.
It is definitely a better way to proceed when looking for reasonable products that you need for presents for Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries, weddings and similar occasions where you need a quality item but want it at a great price.
Discover the ?hidden? bargains and massively discounted products available now on Amazon.com at author Lee Gillett?s website ?The Amazing Bargain Store? at http://www.AmazingBargainStore.com
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FOR KIDS: Skeeters ride the rain
Mosquitoes survive collisions with raindrops by going with the flow
Web edition : Thursday, June 28th, 2012
You may barely notice when a raindrop lands on your head. But if you were a mosquito, you?d definitely notice: It would be like a bus falling onto you in midair.?
But a falling raindrop doesn?t spell doom for the plucky mosquito, say scientists behind a new study. The pesky bloodsucker might get tossed, rocked and rolled, but its strong body and small size help it survive such collisions. And when a raindrop lands directly on the bug?s back, the mosquito gets taken on a wild ride.
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